aki NPRO Process
aki NPRO process defined
Concept
- Brainstorming
- Analyse customer and market
- Idea generation
- Macroenvironment has 6 sources of new ideas:
- Technological
- Political/legal
- Demographic
- Social/cultural
- Economic
- Natural
- Technology push / market pull / society demand
- Screened ideas into projects
- Development of product/customer requirements
- Concept generation - Form, benefit/need, technology
Design
- Purpose of design is:
- Aesthetics
- Ergonomics
- Function
- Manufacturability
- Servicing
- Disassembly
- Design for different routes e.g. speed to market, ease of manufacture, customer needs, corporate identity.
- Use of CAD improves design and makes it far easier, reduces need for prototypes.
Rapid Prototype
- There are two main types of prototypes:
- Comprehensive is complete, fully functioning and full sized
- Focused is not fully functioning or developed, designed to examine specific attributes
- Reduces product development costs (40-70%)
- All use computer generated models
- Virtual prototypes becoming more popular to cut costs
- Different types of rapid prototypes - SLA and SLS most popular
- Not always good representation of final part (materials, dimensions etc.)
Prototype Tooling
- Run test prototypes before final tool
- Reduces cost of producing final tool before being sure it is correct
- Virtual simulation software becoming more popular for tool design (reduces the need for prototype tools by simulating conditions before tool design finalised)
- True 3D moulding analysis now used (even fibre orientation during moulding) software such as moldflow
Production Tooling
- Choosing correct material very important
- Correct design and manufacture reduces costs further down the line mainly due to improved wearing (Cr content), and good tolerances.
- Extremely complex tooling for some products - not a problem if good design of tool has been carried out
- Manufacture (CNC milling etc)
- Tolerances very fine
Validation
- Validation can be defined as: the process of confirming, corroborating, substantiating or checking that something is "as intended"
- Usually involves checking products characteristics against defined requirements
- Finished parts must meet certain validation standards before they can be put into full production
- Comparing model data to real life data for validating parts
- Some form of comparison must be carried out - either between simulation and real life or just between various simulations
- Performance of final product and processes involved in making it can be validated
Production
- Continued product optimisation and cost evaluation
- Production process continually optimised (problems in production can lead to improved processing)
- Savings for customer constantly evaluated to remain most competitive
- Tool modification and repair where necessary

